18 hours ago
RE: Discussion – Week 8
An explanation of how public health professionals may affect future financing decisions related to public health policy.
Public health professionals might influence financing in the public health sector through collaborative partnership and capacity building. According to Brownson et al. (2018), capacity building involves coordinated and goal-oriented efforts towards improvement in management, governance, and performance. The study further asserts that public health professionals have the core duty of protecting and promoting population health. According to Laureate Education (2012), public health professionals are charged with promoting public health programs implementation necessary to achieve public health goals. Moreover, the implementation of public health programs requires financing to achieve the desired public health goals.
Describe two measures that can be taken to justify the financing of national public health initiatives. Explain why these measures may be important.
The limited resources and surge in global public health challenges require evidenced-based outcome measures and program cost-effectiveness to justify financing of public health initiatives (Laureate Education,2012). Moreover, Brownson et al. (2018) denote that the public health decisions for financing public health initiatives are informed with activities that promote population health and disease prevention. For instance, implementing outcome-based measures to prevent obesity or diabetes onset is an effective disease prevention measure that could justify public health financing decisions.
References.
Brownson, R. C., Fielding, J. E., & Green, L. W. (2018). Building Capacity for Evidence-Based Public Health: Reconciling the Pulls of Practice and the Push of Research. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 39, 39, 27–53. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth040617-014746.
3 hours ago
RE: Discussion – Week 8
Analyze the effect of public health professionals on future financing decisions
Public health professionals have an effect on the future financing decision of public health interventions. First, public health professionals should be capable of understanding and presenting public health issues and needs. Then, advocate policymakers about the benefits and impacts of effective public health initiatives have on the population. According to Basset (2003), public health advocacy can take place anywhere through the correct use and interpretation of health data. Thus, through advocacy public health professionals can raise awareness on public health-related issues and provide clear actions needed by decision-makers and politicians for appropriate actions. Moreover, providing clear budgets requirements to promote fundraising towards public health interventions.
Second, public health professionals need to prioritize public health initiatives based on data. According to Tabak, Eyler, Dodson, and Brownson (2015), data is useful to inform and strengthen advocacy. Without accurate survey and assessments data, and programme reports, it will be difficult to justify funding for public health initiatives given the availability of limited and scarce resources. As such public professionals should be clear as to what initiatives will bring public good and convincing evidence.
Analyze measures that justify the financing of national public health initiatives
Improving health care has an impact on a nation. According to Domnariu (2012), providing health care for everyone is right and ethical. Besides, the health of a population is a fundamental need to which governments are held to account by their citizens. Governments have a role to play in health policy issues as they are mandated to be engaged in public health-related concerns (Laureate Education, 2014). Take, for instance, the COVID-19 pandemic which is a public health emergency of international concern (WHO, 2020). Governments have no option, but to respond and in the case of suboptimal responses, governments are criticized for not doing enough. Therefore, if public health initiatives are not financed the health system will face serious challenges and the disease burden will increase. Once the health status of a population continues to deteriorate, it has a negative knock-on effect on the economy. According to Griffith, R. (2013), the law in public health is to prevent diseases and promote good health for the population. Good to note that preventing a disease is cheaper and better than controls and treatments. As indicated by Getzen (2013), financing public health is complex and requires huge investment by the government. Individuals are unable to pay for the complete cost of health care, hence, the need for government contribution.
Apply principles, concepts, and theories related to the financing of public health initiatives
In financing public health interventions, public health professionals should use financing concepts, evaluations and principles involved in the financing of public health interventions. Financing health care is a macro-level investment that requests government participation, otherwise paying for health care will be challenging (Getzen, 2013). However, given the multiple public health interventions available, public health professionals should also use financial evaluating tools to advocate for investing in public health such as cost-benefit analysis, return on investment, rate of return and so on (Getzen, 2013; Wilson, 2000). Investing in public health requires cost-benefit analysis to assist in prioritizing and evaluating the advantages or disadvantages of any public health intervention (WHO, 2021). Using such economic principles will provide justification for decision-makers to act accordingly on public health-related matters as health is a concern for all (Getzen, 2013).
Reference
Basset, M. (2003). Public Health Advocacy. American Journal of Public Health | August 2003, Vol 93, No. 8.pdf.
Domnariu, C. D. (2012). General Principles of Ethics in Public Health. Acta Medica Transilvanica, 17(1), 145–146. Retrieved from
Getzen, T. E. (2013). Health economics and financing (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.
Griffith, R. (2013). Protecting health through public health law. British Journal of Nursing, 22(22), 1324–1325. Retrieved from
Laureate Education (Producer). (2014). Public health policy and advocacy [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Tabak, R., Eyler, A., Dodson, E., & Brownson, R. (2015). Accessing evidence to inform public health policy: a study to enhance advocacy. Elsevier: Public Health. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033350615000657?via%3Dihub.
Wilson, L., C. (2000). Implementation and Evaluation of Church-Based Health Fairs; Journal of Community Health Nursing, 17(1), 39–48. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327655JCHN1701_04
World Health Organization. (2021). Cost-benefit analysis of intervention. Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/airpollution/household/interventions/cost_benefit/en/#:~:text=Cost%2Dbenefit%20analysis%20(CBA),with%20a%20broad%20societal%20perspective.
World Health Organization. (2020). COVID-19 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) Global research and innovation forum. Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/covid-19-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern-(pheic)-global-research-and-innovation-forum
3 hours ago
RE: Discussion – Week 8
Explanation of how public health professionals may affect future financing decisions related to public health policy
Public health professionals have a significant impact on future financing decisions related to public health policy. Public health professionals help bridge the gap between discovering new knowledge, programs, and interventions, into the application of that knowledge (Brownson et al., 2018). Public health professionals are needed on every level. Public health professionals are needed to help secure resources, structure interventions, staff those interventions, and evaluate them to impact policy (Brownson et al., 2018). Public health professionals are also needed to show policymakers real-life stories, and examples of how funding the program will directly impact their local community (Brownson et al., 2018). This is important to show policymakers the “why.”
Two measures that can be taken to justify the financing of national public health initiatives and why these measures may be important
One measure that can be considered to justify the financing of national public health initiatives is the use of outcome measures to show the effectiveness of programs (Laureate Education, 2012). Providing evidence of the value of programs by using outcome measures and having systematic guidelines for evaluating interventions would help provide consistent, reliable reasons why the initiatives should be funded (Banta & de Wit, 2008). The second measure that can be considered to justify the financing of national public health initiatives is keeping in mind the reality that resources are limited and require effective management to reach the initiatives’ goals (Laureate Education, 2012). With limited resources, program administrators, legislators, economists, and more are faced with determining who gets what and, conversely, who will not get what (Getzen, 2013). This is important when determining who or what should be involved in the trade-offs of determining what programs receive funding.
References
Banta, H.D., & de Wit, G.A. (2008). Public health services and cost-effectiveness analysis. Annual Review of Public Health, 29, 383–397. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090808
Brownson, R.C., Fielding, J.E., & Green, L.W. (2018). Building capacity for evidence-based public health: Reconciling the pulls of practice and the push of research. Annual Review of Public Health, 39, 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-014746
Getzen, T.E. (2013). Health economics and financing (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Laureate Education (2012). Financing of public health initiatives [Multi-media PowerPoint]. Walden University Blackboard. https://class.waldenu.edu
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